Updated 04-May-2020.
Mondo shtuff from around the internet, all about TRUMPET!
My botty best at summarizing from Wikipedia: a trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles . the trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet with the highest register in the brass family, to the bass trumpet, which is pitched one oc trumpets are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player’s embouchure) since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing . there are many distinct types of the use of rotary-valved trumpets is more common in orchestral settings . the word “trump”, meaning “trumpet,” was first used in english in 1300 . a musician who plays the trumpet the trumpets from Tutankhamun’s grave in Egypt date back to this period . the Shofar, made from a ram horn, and the Hatzotzeroth, made of metal, are the Salpinx was a straight trumpet 62 inches (1,600 mm) long, made of bone or bronze . contests were a part of the original Olympic Games . the Moche people of ancient Peru depicte the earliest trumpets were signaling instruments used for military or religious purposes . the modern bugle continues this signaling tradition . improvements to instrument design and metal making led to an increased usefulness of the trumpet . natural trumpet playing is again a thriving art around the world . many modern players in germany and the uk use a version of the natural trumpet fitted with vent holes to aid in correcting out-of-tune notes brass instruments produce sound by blowing air through closed lips . player can select pitch from range of overtones or harmonics by changing lip aperture . mouthpiece has circular rim, which provides comfortable environment for lips’ vibration . modern trumpets have three (or, infrequently, four) piston valves . first valve lowers the instrument’s pitch by a whole step (two semitones) used singly and in combination these valves make the pitch of the trumpet can be raised or lowered by the use of the tuning slide . a trumpet becomes a closed tube when the player presses it to the lips . the instrument only naturally produces every other overtone of most notes in the series are slightly out of tune . modern trumpets have slide mechanisms for the first and third valves . orchestral trumpet players adept at transposing music at sight . smallest trumpets are referred to tubing in the B piccolo trumpet is one-half the length of that in a standard B trumpet . Piccolo trumpets in G, F and C are also manufactured, but are less common . many players use trumpets pitched in the key of low G are also called sopranos, or soprano bugles . the bass trumpet is usually played by a trombone player, being at the same pitch . music for it is both C and B bass trumpets sound an octave (C) or a major ninth (B) lower than written . the historical slide trumpet was probably first developed in the late 14th century . as no known instruments from this period survive, the details—and even the existence—of a Renaissance slide trumpet is a matter of conjecture and debate among scholars . some slide trumpet designs saw use in England in the 18th professional-standard instruments are available . they are not a substitute for the full-sized instrument . however, they can be useful in certain contexts . monette monette designed the flumpet in 1989 for jazz musician Art Farmer . it is a hybrid instrument with elements of trumpet and flugelhorn . there are also rotary-valve, or German, trumpets the cornet has a slightly mellower tone, but the instruments are otherwise nearly identical . another relative, the flugelhorn, has tubing that is even more conical . it is sometimes augmented with a the sounding pitch depends on the transposition of the instrument . Engaging the fourth valve drops any of these pitches by a perfect fourth as well . standard fingerings above high C are the same as for the notes an note in parentheses is the sixth overtone, representing a pitch with a frequency of seven times that of the fundamental . use of those fingerings is generally avoided . scheme and nature of overtone series create possibility of note produced with 1–2 as its standard fingering can also be produced with valve 3 . each drops the pitch by 1 12 steps to aid in intonation . alternate fingerings may be used to improve facility in types of mutes most commonly used to alter the sound of the instrument are: Straight Mutes, Harmon Mutes . Plunger Mutes: Constructed of either aluminum, which produces a bright piercing sound the stem can be extended or removed to produce different timbres of sound . this mute is also called the “Wah-wah” muta due to its distinctive sound created by the player placing their cup mute: also constructed of cardboard but includes a cup at the end . in many models the cup is adjustable much like the stem on the harmon muffler . traditional trumpet repertoire rarely calls for notes beyond this technique widely employed by composers like Berio and Stockhausen . Growling: Simultaneously playing tone while using the back of the tongue to vibrate the uvula creating a distinct sound . most the trumpeter tongues as if saying the word doodle . this is a very faint tonguing similar in sound to a valve tremolo . modern repertoire makes extensive use of this technique . Claude Gordon assigned pedals as part of his trumpet practice routines, that were a systematic expansion on his lessons with Herbert L. Clarke .Microtones: Composers such as Scelsi and Stockhausen the jazz musician Ibrahim Maalouf uses a trumpet invented by his father . many notes on the trumpet can be played in several different valve combinations . by alternating between valve combinations on the same note, a tremol composers have called for trumpeters to play under water, or with slides removed . extreme preparations involve alternate constructions, such as double bells and extra valves . Trumpeters can produce more than one tone simultaneously by vibrating the two lips at different speeds . lip-trill or shake: Also known as “lip-slurs” by rapidly varying air speed . multi-phonics: playing a note and “humming” a different note simultaneously . Circular breathing: technique wind players use to produce uninterrupted tone . player puffs up cheeks, storing air, then breathe a common method book for beginners is the Walter Beeler’s Method for the Cornet . there have been several instruction books written by virtuoso Allen Vizzutti . Merri Franquin wrote a phrasing and space in his solos have been models for generations of jazz musicians . maynard Ferguson came to prominence playing in Stan Kenton’s orchestra . he was noted for being able to play accurately in Haydn’s Trumpet Concerto was written for him in 1796 and startled contemporary audiences by its novelty . the instrument’s novelty is shown off by some stepwise melodies played low in its range . the Trumpet Book, pages 352+CD, illustrated, Zecchini Editore, 2009, ISBN 88-87203-80-6 Sherman, Roger. The Trumpeter’s Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Play International Trumpet Guild is the oldest and largest email list with members from all parts of world . 60+ trumpet and teaching videos by Clint Pops McLaughlin . trumpet studies Scales and technical trumpet studies .